Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Angeles. Jos
University of Seville, Spain
Keynote: Genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation of graphene oxide
Biography:
Ángeles Jos is PhD in Pharmacy at the University of Sevilla. She is Full Professor of Toxicology in the Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology and Medicine of this university. Her research focuses on different fields of Toxicology, such as the evaluation of food safety and toxicity of different substances (nanomaterials, food additives, or toxins).
Abstract:
Graphene oxide (GO) is a graphene derivative used in many different fields. Compared with other carbon materials, GO could provide advantages for biomedical applications. But any potential use will depend on its safety, and genotoxicity and mutagenicity aspects play a key role in any toxicological evaluation. Thus, the aim of this work was to explore the genotoxicity of GO by the Micronucleus (MN) test (OECD 487) and the Comet assay. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Mouse lymphoma assay (MLA, OECD 490). A lymphoma cell line (L5178Y Tk+/-) was used for MN and MLA and the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) for the comet assay. 250 µg/mL GO was used as the highest concentration based on previous cytotoxicity studies. Regarding the MN test, GO did not increase the number of binucleated cells at any concentration assayed. No DNA damage was observed in Caco-2 cells treated with GO after 24h and 48h. For MLA, there was no mutagenic effect after both exposure times at any concentration assayed. We can conclude that GO is neither genotoxic nor mutagenic at the conditions tested, but further toxicological tests are required.
Keynote Forum
Oskar Cebadero-Dominguez
University of Seville, Spain
Keynote: In vitro studies on the genotoxicity of Reduced Graphene Oxide
Biography:
Óscar Cebadero is graduated in Biology at University of Salamanca with postgraduate studies in Physiology and Neuroscience at the University of Sevilla. At present, he is PhDl student in the Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine at the University of Sevilla. Their studies are based on the development and toxicological evaluation of graphene derivatives for their potential use as food contact materials.
Abstract:
The interest in graphene derivatives, as reduced graphene oxide (rGO), has increased as they possess unique physical and chemical properties for applications in different fields. However, exposure to graphene materials could be a risk for human health. Thus, the European Food Safety Authority in its guidance on risk assessment of nanomaterials to be applied in the food and feed chain, recommends to perform genotoxicity and mutagenicity studies to assure the safety of materials. The aim of this work is to define the potential in vitro genotoxic and mutagenic effects of rGO on a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) and L5178Y Tk+/− mouse lymphoma cells. For this purpose, a battery of different in vitro assays was used: micronucleus test (MN), mouse lymphoma assay (MLA), and comet assay. L5178Y Tk+/− cells were used for MN and MLA. Cells were exposed at different rGO concentrations (0-250 µg/mL) for 24h in the MN test and for 4-24h in MLA. In the comet assay, Caco-2 cells were exposed to EC50 (176.3 ± 7.56 µg/mL), EC50/2 and EC50/4 for 24h and 48h. The test concentrations were based on previous cytotoxicity studies. No genotoxic effects were observed in the MN and comet assays at any concentration tested. Nevertheless, rGO caused statistical differences in the mutant frequency on L5178Y Tk+/− cells from 125 µg/mL after 4h of exposure. In conclusion, our results evidence mutagenic effects of rGO I. Therefore, furtherstudies are necessary before its potential commercial application. Acknowledgement: Project US-1259106 cofunded by Programa Operativo FEDER 2014-2020 and Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía. And project P18-RT-1993 (PAIDI-2020, Junta de Andalucía). Biology Services of CITIUS are acknowledged for technical assistance.
Keynote Forum
Hatem Ahmed
Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Saudi Arabia
Keynote: Estimation of Pb and Cd in the whole blood by ICP-OES technique: A comparison of microwave digestion and simple dilution method
Biography:
Dr. Hatem Abdel Moneim Ahmed has field experience in the field of forensic sciences, with experience that spanned nearly 20 years, before joining the academic work as an associate professor at Naif Arab University for Security Sciences in 2012. He practiced writing reports on cases of poisoning, drug addiction, murder, suicide, and drug trafficking by working in the Forensic Medicine Authority - Egypt. He practiced fieldwork in raising antiquities at the crime scene resulting from some crimes. He taught drug and poisonous analysis for master's and higher diploma students and supervised a number of master's theses in the field of drug and toxicology analysis. He organized and participated in local and international courses, conferences, and workshops in the field of toxicology and drug analysis, and he has many refereed scientific research published in many reputable international journals.
Abstract:
Forensic investigations necessitate the quick identification and quantification of toxic substances to begin adequate treatment for trace metal toxicity. As a result, finding precise and time-effective digestive methods for identifying toxic substances in biological samples of a person suspected of poisoning is critical. In the present study, a comparison between the microwave digestion and simple dilution method of blood samples and their detection by induction coupled optical emission spectroscopy ICP-OES was carried out. Twenty-three human whole blood samples were collected from fully consented volunteers in EDTA-blood tubes. Whole blood samples were prepared using HNO3:H2O2 for microwave digestion and HNO3:H2O2, Triton X100, and N-butanol for the simple dilution method. Validation of the method was executed by determining accuracy and precision. Method sensitivity was assessed by determining limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ). Our results showed a significant difference in the recovery ratios in favor of lead (Pd) and cadmium (Cd) between simple dilution and microwave digestion techniques. This study indicated that microwave digestion may be a better choice than the simple dilution technique in terms of recovery and accuracy whereas simple dilution was both cost and time-effective for the isolation, identification, and quantification of toxic metals in cases of poisoning.
Keynote Forum
Pagdame Tiebekabe
University of Kara, Kara-Togo
Keynote: Comparative study of methods for determining temperature fields in a homogeneous bar
Time : 07:30-8:10
Biography:
Pagdame Tiebekabe is a brilliant mathematician and specialist of number theory. He is also interested in research in chemistry and physics as demonstrated by his publications which range from fluid mechanics to Diophantine equations. At first sight, these areas have no connection. He has participated in more than 25 Conferences in several countries. He has published more than 15 papers in important journals.
Abstract:
In this article, we make a comparative study of the different methods of studying the temperature propagation fields in a homogeneous bar. This study will show the most effective method. Several comparison parameters are taken into account. We compare the following methods: Finite element method, Finite-difference method (Picard iterative schematic, Euler method based on Taylor series, Runge Kutta method : 2nd, 3rd and 4th order, Crank-Nicolson schematic and Duffort-Frankel) and finite-volume method.